User:Philip s
 Philip | |||
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| Employer: | Ort Gutman High School | ||
| Occupation: | Student | ||
| Nationality: | Israeli | ||
| Country: | Israel | ||
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Contents
Writing Practice
Essays
Animals & Earthquake Prediction
The earliest reference we have to unusual animal behavior prior to a significant earthquake is from Greece in 373 BC. Rates, weasels, snakes, and centipedes reportedly left their homes and headed for safety several days befor a destructive earthquake. Anectdotal evidence abounds of animals, fish, birds, reptiles, and insects exhibiting strange behavior anywhere from weeks to seconds before an earthquake. However, consistent and reliable behavior prior to seismic events, and a mechanism explaining how it could work, still eludes us. Most, but not all, scientists pursuing this mystery are in China or Japan.
We can easily explain the cause of unusual animal behavior seconds before humans feel an earthquake. Very few humans notice the smaller P wave that travels the fastest from the earthquake source and arrives before the larger S wave. But many animals with more keen senses are able to feel the P wave seconds before the S wave arrives. As for sensing an impending earthquake days or weeks before it occurs, that's a different story.
A recent popular theory purports that there is a correlation between Lost Pet ads in the San Jose Mercury News and the dates of earthquakes in the San Francisco Bay area. A thorough statistical analysis of this theory, published in California Geology in 1988, concludes that there is no such correlation, however.
The most recent paper published in a scientific journal in the U.S. on this subject by a respected scientist was in 2000, and it is summarized here...
The paper poses this question: Is it reasonable for a seismic-escape behavior pattern to evolve, and can such a genetic system be maintained in the face of selection pressures operating on the time scales of damaging seismic events? All animals instinctively respond to escape from predators and to preserve their lives. A wide variety of vertebrates already express “early warning” behaviors that we understand for other types of events, so it’s possible that a seismic-escape response could have evolved from this already-existing genetic predisposal. An instinctive response following a P-wave seconds before a larger S wave is not a “huge leap”, so to speak, but what about other precursors that may occur days or weeks before an earthquake that we don’t yet know about? If in fact there are precursors to a significant earthquake that we have yet to learn about (such as ground tilting, groundwater changes, electrical or magnetic field variations), indeed it’s possible that some animals could sense these signals and connect the perception with an impending earthquake.
However, much research still needs to be done on this subject. The author suggests establishing a baseline behavior pattern that can be compared with reactions of various environmental stimuli, and then testing various potential stimuli in the laboratory. Of course, the presence of these stimuli still needs to be researched with regard to precursory phenomena preceding an earthquake, for if these signals aren’t present in the environment before an earthquake, a connection is irrelevant.
Wishes
The purpose of this essay is to present you my wishes. I have three central wishes. The first wish is to do business with people from all over the world. I believe business bring in lot of money and it can improve my reputation for the best. My second wish is to buy a car that her name is "Range Rover Sport". This car is not a passenger car, it is a jeep. It is a very powerful jeep in the fields and very fast on the road. I wish it will be black or white, for my opinion those colors are very beautiful. My last wish is that me and my family will be healthy. For me it is the most important thing. In conclusion, there were my wishes, now, I just wish that my wishes will come true.
High Holidays
Rosh Hashana
Yom Kipur
Succot
Listening
Letters
Project
Front Page
- Title of Project
- Research Question
- Teacher's Name
- School Name
- Your Name
- Date
Introduction
- Introduce the topic and research question or questions
- Purpose of the project: Reasons for choosing this topic
- The steps you took in working on the project
Body
Conclusion
- What solutions or conclusions have you come to.
- Summary of your work on the topic
Reflections
- The process of working on the project
- What worked and what didn't work for you.
- What was the experience like for you?
Appendix
- Survey questions
- Survey results (graphs)
- Photos
- Interviews
Bibliography
- Books
- Internet web sites
- People you interviewed
- TV or radio shows
