CTVSD2/Introduction/Types

While there are a number of different types of assessment, for the purposes of this course we have organised these into two main categories, which relate to whether the assessment is judging competence or not. Competence bearing assessment is considered or called ‘summative assessment’ or ‘assessment of learning’. It forms a formal record of an individual’s achievement. Non-competence bearing assessment is often referred to as ‘formative assessment’ or ‘assessment for/as learning’. However, in reality all forms of assessment offer the opportunity to develop the learner’s capacities through receiving feedback on their performance.

Formative assessment - assessment for/as learning

Formative assessment refers to a wide variety of methods that educators and trainers use to informally evaluate learners progress, performance and further learning or development needs without leading to a competency judgment. It usually occurs during the duration of a course or a training programme and it is used to provide feedback to learners and trainers on strengths and weaknesses of learner's performance, while there is still time to take action for improvement. It provides opportunities for meaningful feedback, helps measure learner progress and indicates where further learning and practice are needed. Also enables educators to use information about learners’ knowledge, understanding, and skills to inform their teaching or training practice.

Summative assessment - assessment of learning

Summative assessment refers to a wide range of methods through which an individual’s performance can be measured against a predetermined standard or outcome. It typically is at end point of a course or training programme. It enables trainers to use evidence of individual's learning to assess their achievement against learning outcomes and standards. Summative assessments have a final outcome attached to them. Passing or successfully competing such assessments leads to continued progression through a course or a training programme and eventually award of achievement or a qualification.