User:Pooja srivastava/E-Museum/Protozoa/some common examples of protozoa

Noctiluca

SCIENTIFIC NAME-

Noctiluca

CLASSIFICATION-
Kingdom-Animalia
Phylum-Protista
Class-Mastigophora

Subclass-Zoomastigophora
Genus-Noctiluca

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION-

Commonly found in madras, atlantic and pacific oceans.

HABITAT-

Marine and pelagic.

IDENTIFYING FEATURES-
large circular body measuring about 1-1.5mm in diameter.
body is covered by a stout pellicle.
A small flagellum and a long,stout tentacle is present.

COMMON CHARACTERS-
Mouth is elongated having a pouch like cytopharynx.
Nucleus is single and large.
Holozoic nutrition.
Cytoplasm is highly vacuolated and differentiated into ectoplasm and endoplasm.
Asexual reproduction by binary fission and spore formation.

Euglena

SCIENTIFIC NAME

Euglena

CLASSIFICATION-
Kingdom-Animalia
Phylum-Protista
Class-Mastigophora
Subclass-Phytomastigophora
Genus-Euglena

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION-

Euglena is cosmopolitan in distribution.

HABITAT-

Found in freshwater ponds,ditches,lakes and slow running streams rich in organic matter.

IDENTIFYING FEATURES-
It is oval,spindle shaped measuring about 50-100 microns in length.
Body is blunt anteriorly and pointed posteriorly.
Single whip like fllagelum arises from the base of reservoir.
Body is covered by striated and flexible pellicle.

COMMON CHARACTERS-
Anterior end of body bears a small funnel like cytostome and a tubular cytopharynx which leads into a large spherical reservoir.
Nucleus is large and spherical located toward the posterior region.
Cytoplasm is differentiated into ectoplasm and endoplasm.
Nutrition is holophytic or saprophytic.
Reproduction is asexual by binary fission.

Amoeba

SCIENTIFIC NAME-

Amoeba

CLASSIFICATION-
Kingdom-animalia
Phylum-Protista
Class-Sarcodina

Subclass-Rhizopoda
Order-Amoebida
Genus-Amoeba

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION-

Found all over the world.

HABITAT-

Commonly found in mud,freshwater ponds,ditches,slow running streams.

IDENTIFYING FEATURES
Irregular shaped body(measuring about 0.25mm-1mm in dia.) appears like a colourless mass of protoplasm.
Body is covered by a thin,clear,elastic and semi permeable layer of protoplasm called plasmalemma.

COMMON CHARACTERS-
Cytoplasm is distinguished into ectoplasm and endoplasm.
Endoplasm contains a spherical nucleus,a large contractile vacuoleand various food vacuoles.
Locomotion by short and blunt pseudopodia.
Nutrition is holozoic.
Asexual reproduction by binary fission.

Paramecium

SCIENTIFIC NAME-

Paramecium

COMMON NAME-

Slipper animalcule

CLASSIFICATION-
Kingdom-Animalia
Phylum-Protista
Subphylum-
Class-
Order-
Genus-Paramecium

HABITAT-

Freshwater ponds,pools,ditches,streams,lakes,reservoirs and rivers.
Specially abundant in ponds rich in organic matter.

IDENTIFYING FEATURES-
Slipper shaped body about 0.3mm in length.
Cilia are uniformly arranged in longitudinal rows except at posterior end of the body.
On the oral side is a groove ,the oral groove or peristomial groove, running backwards obliquely to the right side of anterior end to about middle of the body.
This groove ends in mouth or cytostome.

COMMON CHARACTER-
Locomotion by lashing of cilia.
Body is covered y pellicle.
Cytoplasm is clearly distinguishale into ectoplasm and endoplasm.
Ectoplasm contains basal granules.
Endoplasm contains two nuclei(large macronucleus,small micronucleus),two contractile vacuoles and reserved food materials.
Nutrition is holozoic.
Asexual reproduction is by transverse binary fission,sexual reproduction is by conjugation,endomixis,autogamy and hemixis.

Vorticella

SCIENTIFIC NAME- Vorticella

COMMON NAME-

Bell animalcule

CLASSIFICATION-
Kingdom-Animalia
Phylum-Protozoa

Subphylum-
Class-
Order-
Genus-vorticella

GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION-

Cosmopolitan in distribution.

HABITAT-

Freshwater ponds , lakes , rivers , streams attached to some objects like weeds.

IDENTIFYING FEATURES-
Inverted bell shaped body with a long, slender stalk for attachment.
Rim of bell is thick and surrounded by cilia.
Cilia are arranged in two circles,in an outer anticlockwise fashion on the rim and in inner one on the edge of disc.

COMMON CHARACTERS-
Body consists of pellicle,ectoplasm and endoplasm .
Endoplasm contains a long horse shoe shaped macronucleus ,a small micronucleus,a single contractile vacuole and food vacuoles. medulla.
Free broad end of the body is oral and the opposite end is aboral.
Nutrition is holozoic.
Reproduction by binary fission and conjugation.