Construction Plant and Equipment

CONSTRUCTION PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

MODULE UNIT DESCRIPTION

This module deals with understanding the operations of construction plant as well as their importance in the construction industry.

PURPOSE

This module unit is intended to equip the trainee with knowledge, skills, and attitudes to enable him/her select appropriate construction plant for specific construction operations that are based on plant output, quality of work, economic use of the plant and the nature of work to be done.

SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS

The trainee should have background knowledge in construction, surveying, geotechnical engineering, measurements, estimating and costing.

GENERAL OBJECTIVES

At the end of the module unit, the trainee should be able to:

1. Understand operations of various plant and reasons for using the plant in construction works
2. Make decisions on the order of use of different types of plant where several operations are required.
3. Appreciate the importance of plant management in civil engineering construction works
4. Appreciate the importance of proper maintenance that is required for construction plant

MODULE UNIT SUMMARY AND TIME ALLOCATION

CODE	MODULE UNIT	SUB-MODULE UNIT	T	P	TOTAL
18.1.1	INTRODUCTION TO CONSTRUCTION PLANT AND EQUIPMENT	Types of construction plant Types of construction equipment	4	4	8
18.1.2	EXCAVATING AND COMPACTING PLANT	*Excavating plant Compacting plant	3	5	8
18.1.3	CONCRETING AND BITUMEN LAYING PLANT	Concreting plant Bitumen laying plant	3	5	8
18.1.4	TRANSPORTING AND LIFTING PLANT	Transporting plant Lifting plant	3	4	7
18.1.5	PILING PLANT AND EQUIPMENT	Piling plant Piling equipment	3	4	7
18.1.6	DRILLING AND BLASTING EQUIPMENT	Drilling Equipment Blasting equipment	3	4	7
18.1.7	PUMPS	Pumps	3	4	7
18.1.8	PLANT MAINTENANCE AND MANAGEMENT	Plant maintenance Plant management	3	4	7
TOTAL					44

TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT

Specific Objectives

By the end of the module unit the trainee should be able to:

• state types of construction equipment
• explain the use of construction equipment

Content

Types of equipment

• piling equipment

Uses of construction equipment

• pumps
• percusion hammers
• stone crusher

Competences

Ability to:

• Choose suitable equipment

Suggested Learning Resources

• Books
• Realia
• Internet services
• Charts

Specific Objectives

By the end of the module unit, the trainee should be able to:

• describe various excavating plant
• explain the operations of excavating plant
• observe safety precautions

Content

Description of excavating plant

• bulldozer
• scrapper
• grader
• backactor
• dragline
• face shovel
• skimmer
• tractor shovel
• trencher
• clamshell
• harrow

Excavating plant operations Safety precautions

• operational safety
• safety to persons

Specific Objectives

By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to:

1. operate excavating activities
2. carry out excavation activities using excavating plant.

Content

Operating excavating plant

• starting
• running
• manicuring

Carrying out excavating activities

• clearing
• trenching
• basement excavation
• skimming

Competences

Ability to:

• Select suitable plant for excavation
• Carrying out excavation work
• Control excavation works on a construction project

Suggested Learning Resources

• Books
• Internet
• Typical excavating plant
• Realia

Suggested Assessment

• Lecture
• Discussion
• Site visits
• Oral
• Written
• Observation
• Practical assignment

Specific Objectives

By the end of the sub-module unit the trainee should be able to:

1. explain the operations of compaction plant
2. describe the various compaction plant
3. determine suitable method for effective compaction
4. observe safety precautions

Content

Compaction plant operations

• vibration
• rolling
• ramming

Types compaction plants

• vibrators

poker

form

beam

pan

tamper

rollers

smooth wheeled

pneumatic tyred

vibrating

tamping

power rammer

• Suitable method for effective compaction - type of plant - number of passes - moisture content - type of material to be compacted • Safety precautions - operational safety - safety to persons

PRACTICE 18.1.3P0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) carry out compaction activities b) carry out maintenance of compaction plant

18.1.3P1 Content • Compaction activities - vibrating - rolling - ramming • Maintenance of compaction plants

Competences

Ability to: • Select suitable compaction plant for a given task • Control compaction works in field

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Vibrator • Rollers • Power rammer

Suggested Assessment Methods • Lecture • Discussion • Observation • Oral • Written • Practical assignment

18.1.4T CONCRETING PLANT THEORY 18.1.4T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) observe related safety precautions b) describe various concreting plants c) explain the operations of concreting plants

18.1.4T1 Content • Safety precautions - operational safety - safety to persons • Types of concreting plant - weight batchers o tilting drum o non-tilting drum o pan o truck mounted o reversing • Central mixing plant - Conveying train - concreting plant operations o batching o mixing

PRACTICE

18.1.4P0 Specific Objectives

By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) estimate quantity of concrete a given plant can produce b) select the most economic plant to be used for a particular concreting activity

18.1.4P1 Content • Estimate plant output - drum capacity - cycle time • Plant selection - size of work - quality to concrete

Competences Ability to: • select suitable construction plant for concreting works • control concreting works in a construction project

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Mixers • Central mixing plant • Conveying train

18.1.5T BITUMEN LAYING PLANT THEORY 18.1.5T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) describe various types of bitumen laying plant b) explain the operation of bitumen laying plant

18.1.5T1 Content • Bitumen laying plant - boiler - bitumen mixer - paver - sprayer - hand - truck - roller • Bitumen laying plant operations - spreading - spraying - rolling

PRACTICE 18.1.5P0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) select the right plant to be used for a particular task b) operate bitumen laying plant c) carry out routine maintenance on bitumen laying plant

18.1.5P1 Content

• Plant selection - size of work - time allowed • Operation of plants - mixing - transporting - spreading - rolling

• Routine maintenance of plants

Competences Ability to: • select suitable bitumen laying plant for a given task • control bitumen processes being carried out on a site for construction purposes

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Boiler • Bitumen mixer • Paver • Sprayers • Roller

Suggested Learning Activities • Lecture • Discussion • Observation

Suggested Assessment Methods • Oral • Written • Observation • Practical assignments

18.1.6 TRANSPORTING AND LIFTING PLANT THEORY 18.1.6T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit the trainee should be able to: a) describe the various types of transporting plant b) explain the operations of transporting plant

18.1.6T1 Content • Types of transporting plant - dumpers - conveyors - wheel barrows - lorries and trucks • Operations of transporting plant - loading - hauling - discharge

PRACTICE 18.1.6P0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit the trainee should be able to: a) select suitable plant for a particular task b) operate transporting equipment

18.1.6P1 Content • Selection criteria of suitable plants - site conditions - amount of material to be transported - economy • Operation of transporting plant equipment - driving - lifting

Competences Ability to: • select suitable plant for a specific task • control operations involving transportation plant

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Dumpers • Conveyor • Wheelbarrow • Lorries • Trucks

Suggested Assessment Methods • Lecture • Discussion • Observation

Suggested Learning Resources • Oral • Written • Practical assignment

18.1.7 LIFTING PLANT THEORY 18.1.7T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) describe the various types of lifting plant b) explain the operations of lifting plant

18.1.7T1 Content • Types of lifting plants ­ cranes o mobile o truck mounted o self propelled o static o guy derrick o scotch derrick o tower o gantry o climbing ­ elevators ­ hoists • Operations of lifting plants

PRACTICE 18.1.7P0 Specific Objectives

By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) select suitable plant for a particular task b) operate lifting plant

18.1.7P1 Content

• Selecting lifting plant ­ weight to be lifted ­ versatility • Operations of lifting plants ­ hooking ­ lifting ­ placing

Competences

Ability to: • Select suitable plant for a specific task • Control operations involving transportation plant

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Cranes • Forklift truck • Elevator • Hoist

Suggested Assessment Methods

• Lecture • Discussion • Site visits

Suggested Learning Resources

• Written • Practical assignment

18.1.8 PILING PLANT AND EQUIPMENT THEORY 18.1.8T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) describe the various types of piling plant b) explain the operations of piling plant

18.1.8T1 Content • Types of piling plants ­ piling frame ­ piling cranes • Tripod or shear leg • Piling operations ­ positioning pile ­ driving pile

PRACTICE 18.1.8P0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) select suitable piling plant for a particular task b) operate piling plant

18.1.8P1 Content • Selection criteria ­ site location ­ specific tasks to be carried out ­ economy • Operation of piling plant ­ setting the plant ­ positioning piles ­ driving piles

Competences Ability to: • select suitable piling equipment for a specific task • control operations involving piling equipment on construction sites

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Driving hammers • Helmet

Suggested Assessment Methods • Lecture • Discussion • Observation

Suggested Learning Resources • Oral • Written • Practical assignment

18.1.9 DRILLING EQUIPMENT AND BLASTING EQUIPMENT THEORY 18.1.9T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit the trainee should be able to: a) describe the process of blasting b) select suitable drilling equipment for a specific task c) observe safety precautions

18.1.9T1 Content • Blasting process ­ handling and transporting explosive, ­ charging holes ­ firing charge ­ types of explosives ­ dynamite • Selection criteria of drilling equipment ­ nature of work ­ type of firing ­ electric • Safety precautions ­ handing explosives ­ operation safety ­ safety to persons

PRACTICE 18.1.9P1 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit the trainee should be able to: a) handle explosives safely b) carry out blasting exercise

18.1.9P1 Content • Handling explosives ­ transporting ­ storage ­ site operation

• Blasting exercise ­ drilling ­ loading ­ charging

Competences Ability to: • Select suitable blasting equipment for a particular excavation task • Control blasting operations in a given construction project

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services

Suggested Assessment Methods • Lecture • Discussion • Site visits

Suggested Learning Resources • Oral • Written • Practical assignment

18.1.10 PUMPS THEORY 18.1.10T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) explain the process of pumping b) describe the various types of pumps

18.1.10T1 Content • Pumping process ­ suction ­ delivery • Types of pumps ­ centrifugal ­ rotary ­ displacement ­ hydraulic ram ­ submersible

PRACTICE 18.1.10P0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) select suitable pump for a given situation b) operate pumps c) prepare water logged sites for pumping out water

18.1.10P1 Content • Site preparation ­ construction of well points ­ setting • Operating various pumps ­ assembling pump components ­ starting the engine • Pump selection ­ quality of water ­ economy in use ­ out put capacity ­ selection criteria o quality of water o economy o output capacity

Competences Ability to: • select pumps for a particular task • control pumping operations in a construction project

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Pumps

Suggested Assessment Methods • Lecture • Discussion • Site visits

Suggested Learning Resources • Oral • Written • Practical assignment

18.1.11 PLANT MAINTENANCE THEORY 18.1.11T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) explain the types of maintenance applied to plant b) describe maintenance aspects

18.1.11T1 Content • Type of maintenance ­ routine ­ planned ­ preventive • Maintenance aspects ­ servicing ­ cleaning, lubrication ­ field repairs ­ day-to-day need of fleet of equipment ­ inspection ­ defects in operation ­ change in adjustments ­ wear and tear ­ cracks

PRACTICE 18.1.11P0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) prepare maintenance schedules b) carry out routine maintenance

18.1.11P1	Content 

• Preparation of maintenance schedule s • Carrying our routine maintenance

Competences Ability to: • Select pumps for a particular task • Control pumping operations in a construction project

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Pumps

Suggested Assessment Methods • Lecture • Discussion • Site visits

Suggested Learning Resources • Oral • Written • Practical assignment

18.1.12 PLANT MANAGEMENT THEORY 18.1.12T0 Specific Objectives By the end of the sub-module unit, the trainee should be able to: a) explain the importance of plant management b) outline plant management requirements

18.1.12T1 Content • Importance of plant management ­ reduce idle time ­ achieve optimum equipments utilization ­ increase production at minimum cost

• Plant management requirements ­ equipment planning ­ balancing ­ selection of equipment ­ personnel selection and training

Competence Ability to: • select and utilize construction plant on different types of construction projects

Suggested Learning Resources • Books • Internet services • Site/field visit

Suggested Assessment Methods • Lecture • Discussion • Site visits Suggested Learning Resources • Oral • Written