Chemistry/Acids and Bases Marking Scheme

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Marking Scheme for
ACIDS AND BASES


Maximum = 10


(2) DATA TABLE


Indicator HCl NaOH Neutral A B C D E F G
Neutral Litmus pale pink purple purple - red Red - purple Pale pink Purple red Pale pink purple Pale pink purple
Methyl red pink yellow yellow yellow Pink - orange yellow orange yellow yellow pink yellow
Bromothymol blue yellow blue green blue yellow green Green-yellow blue yellow
Phenolphthalein clear pink clear clear clear clear clear pink clear Pale-pink
Universal Indicator red purple Yellow-green green orange Yellow-green yellow Blue purple red blue
pH 4 10 7 8 5 7 6 10 4 9
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS

1. What colour is each of neutral litmus, methyl red, bromothymol blue, phenolphthalein and universal indicator in
(1/2) (a) an acidic solution?

Neut lit = pink; meth red = pink; bromthym blue = yellow; pheno = clear; universal = red

(1/2) (b) a basic solution?

Neut lit = purple; meth red = yellow; bromthym blue = blue; pheno = pink; universal = purple

(1/2) (c) a neutral solution?

Neut lit = purple; meth red = yellow;bromthym blue = green; pheno = clear; universal = green

(1) 2. Which of neutral litmus, methyl red, bromothymol blue, phenolphthalein and universal indicator allow you to tell whether a solution is neutral (as opposed to being acidic or basic?

Both bromthymol blue and universal indicator allow you to tell whether a solution is neutral.

(1) 3. Which of the unknown solutions (A to G) are acids, which are neutral and which are basic?

B, D and F are acidic; C is neutral; A, E and G are basic

(1/2) 4. What is the pH of a neutral solution?

A neutral solution has a pH of 7

(1) 5. Only ONE pH is “NEUTRAL”; all other pH’s refer to acidic or basic solutions.
(a) Look at ALL the substances in your Data Table that bromothymol blue indicated are acids. According to your data, ACIDIC solutions are in what pH range?

Acidic solutions have a pH of less than 7.

(1/2) (b) Look at ALL the substances in your Data Table that bromothymol blue indicated are bases. According to your data, BASIC solutions are in what pH range?

Basic solutions have a pH greater than 7.

(1 1/2) 6. Which of the following solutions are acidic, which are neutral and which are basic?

Solution pH of Solution Is the Solution Acidic, Neutral or Basic?
P 9.5 basic
Q 5.5 acidic
R 10.5 basic
S 7.0 neutral
T 4.5 acidic


(1) 7. If you had to decide whether a solution was acidic, basic or neutral, and could only use one indicator, which of the indicators in this lab would you use? Justify your answer with a well reasoned statement using complete sentences.

Bromthymol blue. It is yellow in acids, green in neutral solutions and blue in bases OR

Universal indicator. It is red, orange or yellow in acids, yellow-green in neutral solutions and green, blue or purple in bases.