The Anatomy and Physiology of Animals/Heart Worksheet
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1. The diagram below shows an external view of the mammalian heart.
Show the positions of the following structures on the diagram.
- Right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, aorta, caudal vena cava,
- pulmonary artery, coronary artery, cranial vena cava.
2. The diagram below shows a section through the heart seen from the same direction as the external view in question 1.
- a) Label the following structures:
- right and left atria, right and left ventricles, caudal and cranial vena cava, aorta, pulmonary artery and vein,
- right and left atrio-ventricular valves, pulmonary and aortic semilunar valves.
- b) On the diagram of the heart shown above indicate the direction of blood flow through the heart. Use red to show the pathway of oxygen-rich blood and blue the pathway of oxygen-poor blood.
3. Choose terms from the list to complete the sentences below.
- atria; right hand side; vena cava; ventricles; atrioventricular valves; pacemaker;
- pulmonary artery; veins; arteries; left hand side; aorta, coronary artery;
- The top two chambers of the heart are called......................
- These structures stop blood flowing backwards into the atria.
- This side of the heart receives oxygenated blood.
- This is the largest artery in the body. It carries blood to the brain and organs.
- These are blood vessels that carry blood towards the heart.
- This structure sets the speed of the heat beats.
- This blood vessel supplies the heart muscle with oxygenated blood?
4. Fill in the name of the blood vessel in the table below.
| Name of blood vessel | Blood? | Walls? | Towards or
away from heart |
|---|---|---|---|
| ....................... | Oxygenated | Thin | Towards |
| ........................ | Oxygenated | Thick | Away from |
| ......................... | Deoxygenated | Thick | Away from |
| ......................... | Deoxygenated | Thin | Towards |
5. What is the odd one out?
- a) Right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, caudal vena cava, aorta,
- b) Left atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle, pulmonary veins, aorta, coronary artery
6. Arrange these events in the correct order starting with F.
- A. The left ventricle contracts and blood flows along the aorta to the body
- B. The blood flows through the right atrio-ventricular valve into the right ventricle.
- C. Oxygenated blood flows along the pulmonary veins into the left atrium
- D. The blood passes through the left atrio-ventricular valve into the left ventricle
- E. The left atrium contracts
- F. Deoxygenated blood flows from the caudal and cranial vena cavae into the right atrium.
- G. The deoxygenated blood picks up oxygen
- H. The right atrium contracts
- I. The right ventricle contracts and blood flows along the pulmonary artery to the lungs
7. The first heart sound is produced by:
- a) The semilunar valves closing
- b) The atrio-ventricular valves closing
- c) A hole in the heart
- d) Malfunction of the valves
8. The second heart sound is caused by:
- a) The semilunar valves closing
- b) The semilunar and atrio-ventricular valves closing
- c) The pacemaker
- d) The atrio-ventricular valves closing
