The Anatomy and Physiology of Animals/Blood Worksheet/Worksheet Answers

1. Complete the table below:

Name of Blood Cell	Size in µm	Nucleus	Granules in cytoplasm	Function
Erythrocyte	7.5	None	No	Transports oxygen
Monocyte	10-30	Large & kidney shaped	No	Phagocytosis
Granulocyte	12-14	Lobed	Yes	Combat infection (Phagocytosis/ kill parasites/ fight allergies/ release heparin)
Lymphocyte	9-14	Large & spherical	No	Kills invaders, makes antibodies
Platelets	2-4	Cell fragments	No	Blood clotting

2.

True or false? If false add the correct version.

a) The term packed cell volume means the same as haematocrit. T

b) A haematocrit of 70% would indicate an animal was anaemic. F. This reading is well above the normal one for healthy animals (30-50%). There are plenty of red blood cells but it could indicate the animal was dehydratesd.

c) The plasma contains 75% water. T

d) The plasma proteins include albumin, globulin and fibrinogen. T

e) Oxygen is carried in the plasma. T and F. A minuscule amount of oxygen is carried in the plasma, most is carried in the red blood cells combined with haemoglobin.

f) Serum is just another name for plasma. F. There are similar but different. Plasma is the fluid in which the blood cells float in whole blood. Serum is the fluid left after blood has clotted. so it is like plasma but minus the clotting factors eg fibrinogen.

g) The red blood cells of mammals have large spherical nuclei. F. But the red blood cells of frogs, birds and reptiles do have nuclei.

h) The shape of red blood cells helps them hold more haemoglobin. F The lack of a nucleus helps red blood cells hold more haemoglobin. The shape is probably more useful for allowing oxygen to diffuse into them and allowing them to fold up as they pass along extra narrow capillaries.

i) When haemoglobin combines with oxygen it changes colour. T. it goes from a purple blue colour to a cherry red colour.

j) Red blood cells are made in the liver and live for over a year. F. RBCs are made in the bone marrow and live about 120 days.

k) There are half as many white cells as red cells in blood. F. There is only one white cell to every 1000 rbcs.

l) All white blood cells have nuclei. T

m) Lymphocytes phagocytose bacteria. F. No phagocytosis is the job of granulocytes and monocytes. Lymphocytes kill microorganisms in a different way. Some attach and kill them directly others produce antibodies that circulate in the blood and kill them.

3.

Identify the blood cells illustrated below. Chose from the following: erythrocyte; lymphocyte; monocyte; granulocyte

Name of cell

A. Granulocyte

B. Monocyte

C. Granulocyte

D. Lymphocyte

E. Erythrocyte (red blood cell)

4.

Match the blood cell with the correct function/description.

lymphocyte; granulocyte; erythrocyte; monocyte

a) Makes antibodies. Lymphocyte

b) Carries oxygen. Erythrocyte

c) Largest blood cell. Monocyte

d) Granules in cytoplasm, engulfs bacteria. Granulocyte

5.

This is NOT a function of blood.

a) Transporting carbon dioxide to the lungs

b) Transporting heat around the body

c) Protecting the body from infection

d) Producing new red blood cells. Red blood cells are made in the bone marrow.

e) Transporting water to the cells

6. Match the words given below with the statements a - l.

a) Most blood cells are made here. Bone marrow

b) A hormone that increases heart rate. Adrenaline

c) The pigment in red blood cells that enables them to carry large quantities of oxygen. Haemoglobin

d) This mineral is necessary for blood to clot. Calcium

e) A protein in the blood that is essential for clotting. Fibrinogen

f) This vitamin is needed for blood to clot. Vitamin K

g) A major symptom of this condition is the reduction of the amount of haemoglobin in the blood. Anaemia

h) This plasma protein maintains the osmotic pressure of the blood. Albumin

i) Red blood cells. Erythrocytes

j) Each haemoglobin molecule contains 4 atoms of this. Iron

k) These plasma proteins are antibodies. Globulins

l) Most of the carbon dioxide is carried in the blood in this. Plasma