Personal Development Model

• Non-directive Teaching Model

Based on Carl Rogers’ work, he believes that positive human relationships enable people to grow.Therefore instruction should be based on concepts of human relations.

• • Importance:
    • Teacher helps students to explore new ideas.
    • Students have freedom to making decisions and choices.
    • Teacher and students are partners in learning.
    • Nurtures and moulds students to be the way they are.
    • Encourages students to think and reflect their uncertain feelings and become better and be positive.

• • The importance of positive self concepts
    • Gain knowledge and experiences by enhancing their interests in learning through self-concepts.
    • Teacher shows positive approaches and optimistic reinforcements.
    • Boost their confidence.
    • Provide opportunities for students to express their ideas and listen to other’s opinions.

• • Developing self positive concepts
    • Appreciate the abilities and talents one possesses.
    • Positive self-concepts evolves with the moral values that should be emphasised among students.
    • Activities that help: Group/Individual Presentation, musical performances, stage performances.

• Project Model
  • Based on the belief that learning would be effective if pupils are interested and ready to carry out learning activities.Examples of Project Model:
  • Research Project
    • Teacher determines suitable research topic in accordance to the pupils’ experience, ability and interest.
    • Aims and procedures must be determined first and pupils are informed about this.
    • Teacher prepares relevant materials (check list, questions to be answered, etc.) to facilitate pupils.
    • Research should be carried out safely & every pupil should actively involve in group activities.
    • Teacher supervises and provides guidance to pupils.
    • Teacher discusses the outcomes of research & evaluation should be conducted after research is completed.

• • Handicraft Project
    • Planning of the project is based on pupils’ interest and ability.
    • Prepare sufficient materials.
    • Explain procedure precisely.
    • Show examples of correct ways to do the project.
    • Time period is required!
    • Discussion is carried out to assess the work when it is done.
    • Display good quality work to the other students.

• • Educational Visit
    • Before the Visit:
    • Identify the place of visit.
    • Obtain permission.
    • Arrange for transport.
    • Conduct briefing session regarding safety, precautions, behaviours, aims of visit and regulations.
    • Prepare sufficient equipments
  • During the Visit:
    • Divide pupils into several small groups.
    • Every pupil should actively involve.
    • Watch out for pupils’ safety.
    • Give appropriate response to pupils’ inquiry.
  • After the Visit:
    • Hold discussion session with pupils regarding their observations.
    • Plan follow-up activity (making model, draw plan or model, display things)

• • The importance of project model
    • Students able to relate their previous experiences to what they are studying.
    • Able to understand objectives of the projects before and after lesson.
    • Fun activities that attract students’ interests in learning more & apply what they have learnt.Moral values are applied.Theories, facts & hypotheses are brought into practices (I do, I remember & understand).
    • Co-operations among students.
    • Direct experiences & additional knowledge