Chemistry/Acids and Bases Marking Scheme
Maximum = 10
(2) DATA TABLE
| Indicator | HCl | NaOH | Neutral | A | B | C | D | E | F | G |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Neutral Litmus | pale pink | purple | purple - red | Red - purple | Pale pink | Purple red | Pale pink | purple | Pale pink | purple |
| Methyl red | pink | yellow | yellow | yellow | Pink - orange | yellow | orange yellow | yellow | pink | yellow |
| Bromothymol blue | yellow | blue | green | blue | yellow | green | Green-yellow | blue | yellow | |
| Phenolphthalein | clear | pink | clear | clear | clear | clear | clear | pink | clear | Pale-pink |
| Universal Indicator | red | purple | Yellow-green | green | orange | Yellow-green | yellow | Blue purple | red | blue |
| pH | 4 | 10 | 7 | 8 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 9 |
1. What colour is each of neutral litmus, methyl red, bromothymol blue, phenolphthalein and universal indicator in
(1/2) (a) an acidic solution?
- Neut lit = pink; meth red = pink; bromthym blue = yellow; pheno = clear; universal = red
(1/2) (b) a basic solution?
- Neut lit = purple; meth red = yellow; bromthym blue = blue; pheno = pink; universal = purple
- Neut lit = purple; meth red = yellow; bromthym blue = blue; pheno = pink; universal = purple
(1/2) (c) a neutral solution?
- Neut lit = purple; meth red = yellow;bromthym blue = green; pheno = clear; universal = green
- Neut lit = purple; meth red = yellow;bromthym blue = green; pheno = clear; universal = green
(1) 2. Which of neutral litmus, methyl red, bromothymol blue, phenolphthalein and universal indicator allow you to tell whether a solution is neutral (as opposed to being acidic or basic?
- Both bromthymol blue and universal indicator allow you to tell whether a solution is neutral.
- Both bromthymol blue and universal indicator allow you to tell whether a solution is neutral.
(1) 3. Which of the unknown solutions (A to G) are acids, which are neutral and which are basic?
- B, D and F are acidic; C is neutral; A, E and G are basic
- B, D and F are acidic; C is neutral; A, E and G are basic
(1/2) 4. What is the pH of a neutral solution?
- A neutral solution has a pH of 7
(1) 5. Only ONE pH is “NEUTRAL”; all other pH’s refer to acidic or basic solutions.
(a) Look at ALL the substances in your Data Table that bromothymol blue indicated are acids. According to your data, ACIDIC solutions are in what pH range?
- Acidic solutions have a pH of less than 7.
- Acidic solutions have a pH of less than 7.
(1/2) (b) Look at ALL the substances in your Data Table that bromothymol blue indicated are bases. According to your data, BASIC solutions are in what pH range?
- Basic solutions have a pH greater than 7.
- Basic solutions have a pH greater than 7.
(1 1/2) 6. Which of the following solutions are acidic, which are neutral and which are basic?
| Solution | pH of Solution | Is the Solution Acidic, Neutral or Basic? |
|---|---|---|
| P | 9.5 | basic |
| Q | 5.5 | acidic |
| R | 10.5 | basic |
| S | 7.0 | neutral |
| T | 4.5 | acidic |
(1) 7. If you had to decide whether a solution was acidic, basic or neutral, and could only use one indicator, which of the indicators in this lab would you use? Justify your answer with a well reasoned statement using complete sentences.
- Bromthymol blue. It is yellow in acids, green in neutral solutions and blue in bases OR
Universal indicator. It is red, orange or yellow in acids, yellow-green in neutral solutions and green, blue or purple in bases.
