Crop production and management

In order to provide food to our growing population, we need to adopt certain agricultural practices.same kind of plants grown and cultivated at a place constitute a crop.In India crops can be broadly categorized into two types based on seasons- rabi and kharif crops.It is necessary to prepare soil by tilling and leveling. Ploughs and levelers are used for this purpose.Sowing of seeds at appropriate depths and distances gives good yield. Good variety of seeds are sown after selection of healthy seeds. Sowing is done by seed drills.Soil needs replenishment and enrichment through the use of organic manure and fertilizers.Use of chemical fertilizers has increased tremendously with the introduction of new crop varieties. Supply of water to crops at appropriate intervals is called irrigation.Weeding involves removal of unwanted and uncultivated plants called weeds.Harvesting is the cutting of the mature crop manually or by machines.Separation of the grains from the chaff is called threshing.Proper storage of grains is necessary to protect them from pests and micro organism.Food is also obtained from animals for which animals are reared.This is called Animal Husbandry.

source from NCERT