The Anatomy and Physiology of Animals/Special Senses Worksheet/Worksheet Answers

1. The diagram shows an eye of a mammal. In the table below add the names of the structures indicated by the letters.




 * '''CHOICES: Aqueous humour; choroid; conjunctiva; fovea; optic nerve; cornea; iris; lens; retina; sclera; vitreous humour; pupil

'''

2.Insert the correct term in the table below. Some terms may be used more than once.


 * CHOICES: Aqueous humour; Choroid; Conjunctiva; Iris; Fovea; Optic nerve; Blind spot; Cornea;                   Sclera;   Retina;  Vitreous humour;  Pupil;   Nictitating membrane

3. Are these statements about the eye true or false? If false give the correct answer.
 * 1. 	Prey animals like the rabbit have a large area of binocular vision. F Prey animals like the rabbit have a large area of monocular vision so they can see predators approaching and only a small area of binocular vision. 
 * 2. 	The rods of the retina function in dim light and do not respond well to colour. T
 * 3. 	The lacrimal glands secrete fluid that washes the outer surface of the eye and keeps it moist. T
 * 4. 	The conjunctiva is the inner lining of the eyeball. F The conjunctiva is the fine membrane covering the cornea of the eye.
 * 5. 	When the eye focuses both the lens and the cornea change in shape.  F Only the lens changes shape. The shape of the cornea is constant.
 * 6. 	The cones of the retina are more numerous in the region of the eye known as the fovea. T
 * 7. 	Vitamin E is required in the diet to make the visual pigment found in the cells of the retina. F vitamin A is the vitamin required to make the visual purple of the sensory cells of the retina. It is found in carrots and green vegetables.
 * 8. 	The size of the pupil changes in different light intensities. T
 * 9. 	The parasympathetic nervous system brings about dilation (widening) of the pupil. F The parasympathetic nervous system controls constriction of the pupil.
 * 10. 	Nocturnal animals are usually colour-blind. T

4. Match the terms in the list below to the descriptions in the table.
 * A. Auditory ossicles; B. Pinna;  C.Tympanic membrane;  D. Cochlea;  E. Ear canal;  F. Eustachian tube;  G. Vestibular organ;   H.Middle ear  I. Inner ear; J.Auditory nerve

5. The diagram below shows an ear of a mammal. Add the labels below to the diagram.


 * Auditory ossicles; Pinna;  Tympanic membrane;  Cochlea;  Ear canal; Eustacian tube;    Semicircular canals;   Outer ear; Middle ear; Inner ear;   Auditory nerve



6. Rearrange these parts of the ear in the order in which sound waves travel to stimulate the cochlea.
 * Auditory ossicles; Tympanic membrane;  Ear canal;   Inner ear

7. Complete the statements below by adding the words in bold.

tongue;   temperature;    otoliths;   olfactory;   hairs;   nose;   pressure;  vestibular; touch; cerebellum;  semicircular canals


 * There are two parts to the vestibular organ. The first part consists of the semicircular canals which respond to changes in speed and direction of movement of the body.
 * The canals are filled with fluid and fine hairs that are stimulated when the head moves.
 * The receptor cells send nerve impulses along the vestibular nerve to the cerebellum in the brain.
 * The otolith organs form the second part of the vestibular organ. They contain tiny pieces of chalk called otoliths that stimulate hair cells and tell the animal which way up it is.
 * The special sense organ for taste are located on the tongue.
 * The sensory cells concerned with smell are called the olfactory organ. This is located in the nose.
 * In the skin, cells that sense temperature, pressure and touch are found.