East Africa from C.1000 to Independence

Early History of East Africa, C. 1000-1500
Migration and settlements of the Nilotics, Nilo-Hamites and Bantu peoples. Pastoralism and cultivation in early Iron Age societies. External trading contacts. Kilwa and Coastal States. The impact of Islam. The rise of Swahili Culture.

The formation of East African states, C. 1500-1800
Effects of the Luo invasion on Uganda, Rwanda, Western Kenya. The kingdoms of Bunyoro-Kitara and Buganda. The Nyamwezi-Sukuma peoples and the rise of "Ntemi" chiefdoms. Political systems of the Nilo-Hamitic peoples: the Nandi, the Masaai, and their relations with the Kikuyu and Kamba.

The later History of the Coast, 1498-1800
The struggle for control: The Portuguese and Turks. The establishment of Omani power.

The growth of external contacts and pressures, C. 1800-1880
(a) The Ngoni invasions and their effects. Internal trade; the role of the Nyamwezi, Yao and Kamba.

(b) Economic and political developments in Zanzibar. Over-dependence on the clove industry and slave labor. Arab penetration from the East Coast and up the Nile and the reaction of the East African societies. The rise of military states: Arab-Swahili relations with the Kikuyu, Kamba, etc. Islam in Buganda.

(c) Pressures from the north: Egypt, Ethiopia.

(d) Growth of the European connection: British, French and American activities on the coast before 1860. Later European penetration of the interior: missionaries, explorers, traders. Initial reactions to them.

The European scramble and response of the East African peoples, C. 1880-1906
Anglo-German rivalry and the drawing of the frontiers, 1884-1890. Anglo-French missionary rivalry in Uganda; the 1900 Buganda Agreement and its significance. Early colonial relations with the Kenyan peoples. The dismemberment of the Zanzibar sultanate and the British protectorate. German rule; the Abushiri and Maji-Maji uprisings. Early colonial relations with Kenyan and Tanganyikan peoples: uprisings of the Nandi, Hehe and Chagga.

East Africa under colonial rule, C. 1906-1963
(a) Economic and Social developments: The Uganda Railway; European and Indian settlement; European and African production of cotton, coffee and sisal. Rail communications in Tanganyika; development of ports, especially Mombasa and Dar es Salaam. Educational development.

(b) Constitutional Developments: White settler politics in Kenya and Tanganyika. The working of the Buganda Agreement. Effects of World War I. The Devonshire Declaration of 1923 and its aftermath. The movement for Closer Union. Indirect rule in Tanganyika. World War II. The East Africa High Commission. The final bid for White Settler control and its failure.

The Emergence of the Modern East African Nations, C. 1900-1963
Early nationalist organizations and the opposition to White settlement. World War II and its effects on nationalism. KANU and MAU MAU. The Kabaka Crisis. TANU. The later stages of constitutional advance. The winning of independence. Tanganyika African National Union - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia