CCNC/CCNC Module 1/Hardware/Concepts

What is Hardware?
Computer hardware is the physical part of a computer, including its digital circuitry, as distinguished from the computer software that executes within the hardware. Central Processing Unit (CPU), Monitor, Key Board, Mouse etc are the examples.

Personal Computers
A personal computer (PC) is any general-purpose computer whose original sales price, size, and capabilities make it useful for individuals, and which is intended to be operated directly by an end user, with no intervening computer operator.

Handheld Portable Devices
Handheld Portable Device or simply handheld is a pocket-sized computing device, typically having a display screen with touch input or a miniature keyboard. In the case of the personal digital assistant (PDA) the input and output are combined into a touch-screen interface. Smartphones and PDAs are popular amongst those who require the assistance and convenience of a conventional computer, in environments where carrying one would not be practical.

The main parts of the computer
Following are the main parts of a computer


 * Case/Chassis
 * Cooling system
 * Motherboard
 * CPU (Central Processing Unit)
 * OS (Operating System)
 * Ports
 * Memory
 * Hard drive
 * Sound system
 * Lights
 * PSU (Power Supply Unit)
 * In put-out put units like Monitor, Key Board, Mouse etc

Input/ Output ports
Input/ Output ports are located on the outside of a computer that allows for an input or output device to be connected to it.

Ports are memory addresses used by the processor for direct communication with a device that has sent an interrupt signal to the processor. The exchange of commands or data between the processor and the device takes place through the I/O port address of the device, which is a hexadecimal number.