User:Pragati varshney/Temp/Chemistry.doc

Chemistry

The branch of science, which deals with the study of matter, its composition, its properties and the changes that it undergoes in composition as well as in energy during various processes, is defined as chemistry. It has been further divided into different branches depending upon specialized fields of study.

Branches of Chemistry

Organic Chemistry- This branch deals with study of carbon compounds especially hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

Inorganic Chemistry- This branch deals with the study of compounds of all other elements except carbon. It largely concerns itself with the study of minerals found in the Earth's crust

Physical Chemistry- The explanation of fundamental principles governing various chemical phenomena is the main concern of this branch. It is basically concerned with laws and theories of the different branches of chemistry.

Chemistry in industry-Chemistry plays an important role in most industrial processes. Important examples are manufacture of:
Synthetic fibre like rayon, nylon, dacron, orlon etc.


 * Plastics like bakelite, teflon, polythene etc.


 * Paints, varnishes, enamels, dyes etc.


 * Cement, glass and ceramics and extraction of metals like silver, magnesium, gold, iron etc.

Chemistry in Agriculture-Significant contributions towards securing enough food grains and protecting crops have been made by the use of chemistry. These are:

 * Chemical fertilizers like urea, ammonium sulphate, calcium nitrate etc., for the better production of crops.


 * Insecticides such as DDT, BHC, chlorinated hydrocarbons, aldrin, malathion, dieldrin, furodan etc., for the protection of crops from insects and to help in the safe storage of foodgrains.


 * Preservatives like sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulphite and salicylic acid for better preservation of food and check its wastage.

== Chemistry in Life Styles-In every walk of life, chemistry has been the pioneer contributor towards enabling the comfort, convenience and pleasures of man. Chemistry has helped us in getting a number of amenities. Some examples are: ==
 * Domestic requirements such as better fabrics, soaps, shampoos, cosmetics, dyes, oils, flavouring essences, paper etc.


 * Air conditioning, refrigeration and domestic gadgets: To keep people cool and food fresh in all seasons, we make use of air conditioning. Chemical substances like liquid ammonia, liquid sulphur dioxide, CFC etc., are used in these machines. Chemistry and Energy Resources