The Anatomy and Physiology of Animals/Test Yourselves/The Urinary System Test Yourself/Urinary System Test Yourself Answers

1. Add the following labels to the diagram of the excretory system shown below. Bladder | ureter | urethra | kidney | dorsal aorta | vena cava | renal artery | vein

Diagram of urinary system with labels added

2. Fill in the blanks in the following statements.

a) Blood enters the kidney via the renal artery.

b) When cut across the kidney is seen to consist of two regions, the outer cortex and the inner medulla.

c) Another word for the kidney tubule is the nephron.

d) Filtration of the blood occurs in the glomerulus.

e) The filtered fluid (filtrate) enters the Bowman’s capsule.

f) The filtrate entering the e) above is similar to blood but does not contain large proteins or blood cells.

g) As the fluid passes along the first coiled part of the kidney tubule amino acids and glucose are removed.

h) The main function of the loop of Henle is water re-absorption/concentration of urine.

i) Hydrogen and potassium ions are secreted into the second coiled part of the tubule.

j) The main function of the collecting tube is concentration of the urine.

k) The hormone antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is responsible for controlling the concentration of urine in the collecting tube.

l) When the pancreas secretes inadequate amounts of the hormone insulin the condition known as diabetes mellitus results. This is most easily diagnosed by testing for glucose in the urine.